{SA}

Herrmann, W. A.; Brossmer, C. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 34 , 1844, (1995)

{SA}

Louie, J.; Hartwig, J. F. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 35 , 2359, (1996)

{SA}

Brody, M. S.; Finn, M. G. Tetrahedron Lett. 40 , 415, (1999)

{SA}

Tenaglia, A.; Giordano, L.; Buono, G. Org. Lett. 8 , 4315, (2006) 摘要

{SA} Wang, Q.; Takita, R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132 , 11420, (2010) 摘要

{SA} Merck 14 ,4669

{ALF} 'Palladacycle' catalyst, developed by W. A. Herrmann et al, which has been reported to surpass all previously known catalysts in the Heck coupling of aryl halides with olefins, with turnover numbers of up to 200,000: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 34, 1844 (1995); DE 4,421,730 (1995 to Hoechst A.-G.); Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 6535 (1996). Also highly effective in the Suzuki coupling of arylboronic acids with aryl halides (see Appendix 5), with turnover numbers up to 74,000: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 34, 1848 (1995); EP 690,046 (1996 to Hoechst A.-G.). Superior catalyst for anion-accelerated intramolecular coupling of phenols with aryl halides: J. Org. Chem., 62, 2 (1997):

{ALF}

{ALF} Catalyst for the first reported Pd catalyzed amination of an aryl chloride: Tetrahedron Lett., 38, 2073 (1997).

{ALF} For use in the Heck reaction in quaternary salt ionic liquids, see: J. Organomet. Chem., 572, 141 (1999).

{ALF} For a review of palladacycles as reactive intermediates, see: Chem. Ber./ Recl., 130, 1567 (1997). For a brief review of applications of the catalyst, see: Synlett, 878 (2001).